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Most Seagate disks have configurable Extended Power Conditions (EPC) settings that include timers for how long the disk needs to stay idle before entering various low-power modes. Disk vendors typically provide their own vendor-specific ways to do persistent configuration of power management settings, so it’s worth trying to use those instead so the desired configuration doesn’t depend on the host system applying it, instead being configured in the drive (but in some cases it might be desirable to have the host configure that!). To prevent parking the heads at all a value greater than 128 may do the job (254 is a common choice, as the highest-power setting available), but it’s possible that some disks won’t behave this way because the ATA specification refers only to spinning down the disk and does not specify anything about parking heads. Typical SAS connectors support up to 4 drives per “lane”, but with an expander up to 255 devices are possible. An eight lane controller can only directly attach to 8 disks, requiring more controllers (consuming additional PCI-E slots) to connect more drives. This has long been the interface bus used by most home users to connect their hard drives, and is supported by nearly every motherboard.

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Unnamed devices can be specified by their specific SES device and element number. This greatly reduces the chance of getting it wrong when you (or the datacenter technician) physically pulls the disk. You can also reboot, and GEOM will pick up the multipath when it first tastes the disks during boot.

How do I connect to an unattended desktop with AnyDesk?

Once you’ve done so, you must test delivery to your “real” inbox—you don’t want to learn that delivery isn’t working after your storage has already become unavailable! If you’d feel safer with a team of experts monitoring your storage, consider a ZFS Support Subscription. If you rely on manually checking on your storage periodically, you will regret it. Another important aspect of managing your storage system is configuring notifications. Klara recommends embedding these details directly into the ZFS vdev properties of each disk—a feature Klara created, which will become generally available in the upcoming OpenZFS 2.2 release. In these configurations, your system may or may not support features like individual “locate” and “fault” LEDs.
I noticed that even when doing nothing, I hear the sound of drives working every few seconds. I gave up and just built a Windows Storage Space with tiering and the drives are now effectively silent. I guess it depends on the drives, but don’t think you’ll find any software solution. My Seagate Exos enterprise drives make almost 0 noise actually. The system is never idle really, it’s a server. What causes the constant load on the disk?
The timer values specified are in milliseconds, so this example will park the disk heads after 30 minutes of inactivity. If we wanted to allow the disk to still park its heads but at minimum frequency, setting the APM value to 7Fh (hdparm -B 127) seems to be the correct choice. Of the three disks that I decided need some attention, I have one Western Digital disk and two Seagate ones.
The parking rate basically drops reveryplay to zero at the time I updated the settings for the Seagate drives, and the Western Digital one hasn’t changed because it needs to be powered off to change that setting and I haven’t done so yet. The other slight annoyance when setting the idle3 timer on WD drives is that changes only take effect when the drive is powered on, usually meaning the host computer must be fully shut down and started back up for any changes to be seen- this makes experimentation to determine how raw timer values are interpreted a slower and more tedious process. Of particular note, WD Green drives ship configured to park the heads after only 8 seconds of inactivity which could notionally wear out the disk in a matter of months if the heads are cycling more-or-less continuously! For drives made by Western Digital, the inactivity timer for parking the heads is called the idle3 timer.

• AnyDesk allows you to establish remote desktop connections between devices and opens up unprecedented possibilities of collaborating online and administrating your IT network.
• When dealing with critical data, you only get one chance to do it right.
• Then, click on “Connect” to access the other device.
• I also set the tunable vfs.zfs.txg.timeout to a somewhat large value so the regular syncs don’t happen every 5 seconds.
• NVMe connects storage devices directly to the PCIe bus, offering extremely low latency and high throughput.
• The status field is a bitmask supporting a number of different options, but the main ones we care about are 1 (OK), and 2 (FAULTED).

The settings you mentioned are already set this way. After you apply these settings the logs will be written to your SSD instead of being flushed to the disc array. Those are probably the system logs being flushed to disk every few seconds. I have moved the system data to my boot SSDs, don’t have any apps installed and don’t have any pool set for apps.

• However, if a disk has died entirely, or a slot is empty, it might not have a device name.
• The NVMe interface is also extensible to allow operating over the network (where it is known as NVMe Over Fabric or NVMe-oF).
• Those are probably the system logs being flushed to disk every few seconds.
• The Prometheus Node Exporter is the canonical tool for capturing machine metrics like utilization and hardware information with Prometheus, but it alone does not support probing SMART data from storage drives.
• When it comes to long-term data storage, there are several strategies and media types that Redditors recommend.
• For the system I’m monitoring here, the SSD that it boots from has a wearout indicator sitting on 95 of 100 (only 5% of the rated life consumed), visibly unchanged for a long time so it’s not very interesting as an example.

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While I have been aware of this in my home server as well, it is easy to forget to ensure that disks are not silently killing themselves by cycling the heads. With modern, especially Enterprise grade hard drives being able to have hundreds of thousands of head park operations in their service life, is this really an isssue? With the tools presented here, the reader is well armed to react to failed disks and ensure that the wrong disk isn’t accidentally pulled. However, if a disk has died entirely, or a slot is empty, it might not have a device name. Sesutil can also be used to locate the disk in the physical array.While the SES data tells us that there is an 8 TB disk in Slot 06, it does not tell us which slot in the chassis corresponds to 06. Looking at a few items from the output, we can see the device names (/dev/da0 and /dev/da7 respectively) of the disks in Slot00 and Slot07.
It’s hard to imagine why your drives are that loud! It’s a datacenter drive, very loud, so it’s still audible. For quietness, a noise reducing case, move it somewhere else, quieter drives, maybe SSD instead of hard drives, etc.
I moved my Scale server into the next room, laundry room, just so it’s out of sight. Replacing the drive is financially out of the question. I’m looking for a software solution, if possible, to make the HDD idling for most of the time when there is no load. Yeah, it’s not helping, thanks. Although it’s empty, so this is probably not the source of the constant HDD noise.

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Unfortunately, APM settings don’t persist between power cycles so if we wanted to change disk settings with APM they would need to be reapplied on every boot. Advanced power management levels80h and higher do not permit the device to spin down to save power. For example, a device may implement one power management method from 80h to A0h and a higherperformance, higher power consumption method from level A1h to FEh. To prevent parking more often that is useful (for a server, usually that choice would be “very rarely”), there are a couple ways to do it and which apply will depend on what the hard drive vendor’s firmware supports. With the SMART metrics captured by Prometheus, it’s fairly easy to write a query that will show how often a given disk is parking its heads. Since I use Prometheus to capture information on the server’s operation however, I can use that to monitor that my hard drives are doing well.

For chassis with larger numbers of drives, or when connecting external JBOD chassis, it is common for the drives to connect to a specialized board that provides power and routing for the SATA/SAS signals to the controller. When building a storage system, there are many different ways the disks might be connected to the system. NVME-oF allows storage devices and arrays in remote chassis to be connected to local motherboards. NVMe storage comes in many form factors, from small M.2 devices to U.2 and other hot-swappable formats intended for servers. NVMe connects storage devices directly to the PCIe bus, offering extremely low latency and high throughput.

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When it comes to long-term data storage, there are several strategies and media types that Redditors recommend. It refreshes the disks SMART information every 5 min. ZFS and Btrfs both aim to modernize storage by combining filesystems and volume management, but… Monitoring and maintaining your storage media is one of the most important parts of keeping your data safe.
Below we will discuss exactly how to do this with FreeBSD’s sesutil or the management tools for your HBA. Though a truism, it bears emphasizing that with a little planning, management and maintenance of storage systems can be made easier and safer. The total throughput possible from the connected disks is still limited by the number of lanes available, but this is likely the best approach in systems with more than a dozen disks.
SATA disks plugged directly into the motherboard use an interface called AHCI which does not provide much in the way of advanced management features. For smaller numbers of drives, and for most home systems, the most common way the disks are attached is to the SATA controllers built into the motherboard. Non-Volatile Memory Express (NVMe) is a newer storage interface that is becoming very popular for flash storage devices. Just download the executable file on both devices and run it to open the tool. At a glance, changing idle3 and EPC settings seems to have done the job nicely; here is the same graph of head park rates per disk as before, but on a smaller timescale that makes individual head parks visible. Seagate provide a “Seachest” collection of tools for manipulating their drives, but rather more usefully to users of non-Windows operating systems like Linux they also offer an open-source openSeaChest.
We can also see that the disk in Slot07 was recently swapped, and that Slot08 does not contain a disk and its locate LED is activated. SES provides a mechanism to query information from the enclosure, including temperature, fan speed, and status of power supplies. Many backplanes include support for SCSI Enclosure Services (SES).

The RRF funding amounts shown for measures are based on the initial cost estimates provided by the Member States included in the recovery and resilience plans and may as such differ from finalized Commission financial reports, which follow eventual project implementation. The map exclusively serves information purposes and is not an exhaustive database of projects supported by the Recovery and Resilience Facility. Improving access to and the quality of general, vocational, and higher education; focusing on digital education, early childhood education and care; supporting youth employment. The funding amounts shown reflect the initial cost estimates included in the national recovery and resilience plans. It is not an exhaustive database of projects supported by the Facility and will be regularly updated as the implementation progresses.
CD56highCD16+/− NK cells aredescribed by NKG2A, low level of perforin, and are primarily characterized bycytokine production.16,30,31 Therefore, it is likely that the changes in the frequencies oftwo subsets of NK cells during the disease recovery are protective mechanisms toeliminate the SARS-COV2 and thereby reducing inflammation occurred in the earlystages of disease. Our data revealed that the percentages of Th1, Th2, andTh17 cells were significantly lower in patients than healthy control (Figure 3(a)–(c) and (j)–(l), P Figure 3(d)–(h) and (m)–(q), P Figure 3(f), (h), (o), and (q), P Figure3(d), (e),(g), (m), (n), and (p)). The number of CD56low CD16+ NK cells in patients wassignificantly increased compared to healthy subjects. To determine the percentages of activated T cells, exhausted T cells, Th1 cells,Th2 cells, Th17 cells, Tregs, B cells, NK cells, and monocytes in peripheralblood of COVID-19 patients (the first day and 10 days of initiation oftherapeutic approaches) and healthy subjects, PBMCs were stained with differentmonoclonal antibodies or matched to isotype control IgG for 30 min at4○C. These changes may play afundamental role in reducing disease severity through regulating cytokineproductions involved in the inflammation and functions of various immune cells.Nevertheless, larger and more multicenter studies are needed to validate theseconclusions. A limitation of the study was the lack of determinationof immune system differences between alive and dead patients with COVID-19 during arecovery period.
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COVID-19 Response

The plasma levels ofIL-1a, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 were significantly higher in COVID-19 patientsthan the control group. The depicted results arerepresentative of 40 independent experiments for control group, 57independent experiments for COVID-19 patients at the first day oftreatment, and 51 independent experiments for COVID-19 patients in10 days of treatment. Data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism 6 (GraphPad Software, USA) and are expressedas the mean standard error of the mean (SEM) and mean ± standard deviation (SD).The normal distribution of data was determined by Kolmogrov–Smirnov test. The levels of erythrocyte sediment rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) ofCOVID-19 patients were measured using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)analyzer (Parsian Teb, Iran) and Mindray BS-800 automated biochemistry analyzer(Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics, China), respectively.

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• Correlations of lymphocyte numbers with the value of ESR and numbers ofTh2 cells and monocytes in COVID-19 patients.
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Streets for Pandemic Response & Recovery

In disagreement with other reports showing increasedfrequency of B cells in the late stage of recovery,17 we observed that the percentage of this cell was decreased followingrecovery. Moreinterestingly, the percentages of exhausted CD4+ T cells and exhausted CD8+ T cellswere higher in the early revery play login stage of recovery than the late stage of recovery. Thisobservation was in contrast with previous study showing severe cases of COVID-19tend to have lower percentages of monocytes.24 This discrepancy may be attributed to disease stage which patients wereevaluated.

The cytokine profiles of patients with COVID-19

In this study, the mean ± SD of age of patients was 67.8 ± 15.18, while it was66.01 ± 7.11 in healthy subjects. In thisstudy, CD8+ CD25+ CD69+ cells and CD14+ CD16+ CD11b+ cells were respectivelyconsidered as the activated CD8+ T cells and monocytes. To determine the immune situation of patients, theblood sampling (5 ml) from healthy subjects was also performed. This is an analytical observational (case-control) study performed on 57 patientswith COVID-19, who were referred to a COVID-19 center, Isfahan, Iran from March2020 to April 2020, and 40 healthy individuals without any the signs andsymptoms of acute respiratory infections and other health problems affected theimmune system. Although the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is not well understood yet, defects in functionand/or regulation of the immune system such as the storm of inflammatory cytokinesand lymphopenia can contribute to the intensity of pathogenic coronavirusinfections.11–13 In despite ofsome reports pointing to impacts of immune responses in the pathogenesis of COVID-19,14 the accurate roles of immune cells in developing or inhibiting the diseaseare unknown.
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I know the email address and password. I lost my account close to 2 months ago when I deleted the game trying to fix a login issue. I was wondering if there is anyone who has not spent any money on the game lost their account. Improving the resilience, accessibility and quality of health and long-term care, including measures to advance their digitalisation; increasing the effectiveness of public administration systems. Improving social and territorial infrastructure and services, including social protection and welfare systems, the inclusion of disadvantaged groups; supporting employment and skills development; creating high-quality, stable jobs. Promoting the roll-out of very high-capacity networks, the digitalisation of public services, government processes, and businesses, in particular SMEs; developing basic and advanced digital skills; supporting digital-related R&D and the deployment of advanced technologies.
Having considered that innate immunity provides the early line of defense againstviral infections, some innate immune cells were studied in the course of 10 daysafter initiation of treatment, which is almost a period that the disease isdeteriorated and may result in death or recovery from COVID-19.27,28 Our datashowed that CD56lowCD16+ NK cell number was significantlylower in the early stage of recovery than the late stage of recovery; however itsfrequency was noticeably increased compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, the authors have shown that CD4+and CD8+ T cell numbers were notably decreased.17 In agreement with previous study, our data revealed that the frequencies ofTh cells (Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells) in patients were significantly lower in theearly recovery stage than the late recovery stage and healthy individuals. B cells showed an increasedpercentage in patients compared to healthy subjects, while this increase wassignificantly reduced in the late stage of recovery (Figure 3(i) and (r),P Open in a new tabThe percentages of adaptive immune cells in COVID-19 and healthyindividuals. Its frequency wassignificantly higher in the late recovery stage than early recovery stage (Figure 2(a) and (c),P highCD16+/− NK cells in the early stage of recovery was significantlyincreased in comparison with the late stage of recovery and healthy individuals(Figure 2(a) and(d),P Figure2(b) and (e),P Open in a new tabThe frequencies of innate immune cells in COVID-19 and control subjects.The percentages of CD56low CD16+ NK cells,CD56high CD16+/− NK cells, and monocytes werestudied by flow cytometry (a and b) and then analyzed (c–e).

• The CD3+ cell population was also determined using the gating oflymphocyte population and was then used to measure the percentages of B cells(CD3− CD19+ CD22+ cells), exhausted CD4+ T cells (CD3+ CD4+ PD-1+ cells),exhausted CD8+ T cells (CD3+ CD8+ PD-1+ cells), CD56lowCD16+ NK cells (CD3− CD56lowCD16+ cells), and CD56high CD16+/− NK cells(CD3−CD56high CD16+/− cells).
• To determine the immune situation of patients, theblood sampling (5 ml) from healthy subjects was also performed.
• As shown inFigure 4(a)–(d),statistically significant reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in patients were observed during a recovery,with the exception of IL-1β level (P Figure 4(e),P Figure 4(f)).
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• Data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism 6 (GraphPad Software, USA) and are expressedas the mean standard error of the mean (SEM) and mean ± standard deviation (SD).The normal distribution of data was determined by Kolmogrov–Smirnov test.
• The levels of erythrocyte sediment rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) ofCOVID-19 patients were measured using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)analyzer (Parsian Teb, Iran) and Mindray BS-800 automated biochemistry analyzer(Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics, China), respectively.

Reset your Apple Account password with the Apple Support app on a borrowed device

I have never been hacked, never uploaded a video, never left a comment, never received a warning, and never violated any guidelines. I should add that I am attempting to log in from a "familiar device" — the same computer I used to create the account in the first place. I cant even request a "resolution" from Google because one must be logged in to the account to even make the request.It is very important that I be able to log back into the account, and there's absolutely no reason why I should be frozen out. Twice now II have waited a full 7+ days between log in attempts, so it no longer would think there was "unusual activity," but waiting a week didn't help either time.Why is this happening and how can I get back into my own account?

The resultsare representative of 57 independent experiments for COVID-19 patientsat the first day of treatment, 51 independent experiments for COVID-19patients in 10 days of treatment, and 40 independent experiments forhealthy individuals. The demographic, laboratory, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 andhealthy subjects. Table2 depicts the demographic and other characteristics of COVID-19 andhealthy subjects. Of the 57 patients, 51 (89.48%) weredischarged from hospital and 6 (10.52%) died during the study. Antibodies used for determing the changes of the immune system ofCOVID-19 patients by flow cytometry.
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Map of projects supported by the Recovery and Resilience Facility

This studyinvestigated how the immune system changes were related to disease severity inCOVID-19 patients. Moreover, other data indicated thatthe levels of these cytokines were reduced during the disease recovery. PBMCs were isolated from healthy subjects and COVID-19patients and then stained with different monoclonal antibodies. To determine the situations of humoral and cellular immunity in patients withCOVID-19, the frequencies of Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg, activated CD4+T cells,activated CD8+ T cells, exhausted CD4+ T cells, exhausted CD8+ T cells, and Bcells in COVID-19 patients were investigated after 1 and 10 days of initiationof therapeutic methods. Correlations of lymphocyte numbers with the value of ESR and numbers ofTh2 cells and monocytes in COVID-19 patients. Some patients hadfatigue, mild shortness of breath, myalgia, loss of weight, smell, and taste inthe late recovery stage.
Moreover, Qinet al. indicated that suppressor and helper T cell percentages were lower inpatients than normal group. In the next step, the adaptive immune system of COVID-19 subjects was studied after 1and 10 days of initiation of therapeutic methods. In an attempt to discover the frequency of other cells of innateimmunity, the number of monocytes was also assessed. As shown inFigure 4(a)–(d),statistically significant reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines(IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in patients were observed during a recovery,with the exception of IL-1β level (P Figure 4(e),P Figure 4(f)). Having considered that severe COVID-19 is largely related to a cytokine storm,cytokine profiles of COVID patients were assessed during a recovery.
The CD3+ cell population was also determined using the gating oflymphocyte population and was then used to measure the percentages of B cells(CD3− CD19+ CD22+ cells), exhausted CD4+ T cells (CD3+ CD4+ PD-1+ cells),exhausted CD8+ T cells (CD3+ CD8+ PD-1+ cells), CD56lowCD16+ NK cells (CD3− CD56lowCD16+ cells), and CD56high CD16+/− NK cells(CD3−CD56high CD16+/− cells). Afterwards, the lymphocyte population was gatedto assess the frequencies of the CD4+ cells which were used to determine thepercentages of Th1 cells (CD4+ T-bet+ IFN-γ+ cells), Th2 cells (CD4+ IL-4+GATA3+ cells), Th17 cells (CD4+ IL-17α+ RORγt+ cells), Tregs (CD4+CD127low FoxP3+ cells), and activated CD4+ T cells (CD4+ CD25+CD69+ cells). At the first day (the early recovery stage) and 10 days of initiation oftherapeutic methods (the late recovery stage), heparinized blood samples (5 ml)were obtained from patients. All patients had pulmonary involvement and were not on treatment withdrugs influencing the immune system and antibodies production (i.e. steroids,sulfasalazine, phenytoin, and antimalarial drugs) prior to study initiation.